Mohammad Asghar Afghan (Pashto: محمد اصغر افغان), (formerly Mohammad Asghar Stanikzai) and also known as Asghar Salamkhail (اصغر سلامخېل), is a former Afghan cricketer and former captain of the Afghanistan national cricket team. Asghar is a right-handed batsman and a medium-fast bowler. In May 2018, he was named as the captain of Afghanistan, for their inaugural Test match, played against India. He made his Test debut for Afghanistan, against India, on 14 June 2018. On 2 August 2018, he changed his last name from Stanikzai to Afghan.
In April 2019, the Afghanistan Cricket Board (ACB) dropped him as captain of the Afghanistan team across all three formats. However, in December 2019, the ACB reappointed Asghar Afghan as the captain of the Afghanistan cricket team across all formats. In March 2021, during the series against Zimbabwe, Afghan played in his 50th T20I as a captain of Afghanistan. In May 2021, he was sacked from his role as the national team captain.
In October 2021, ahead of Afghanistan's match against Namibia in the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, Afghan announced his retirement from all forms of cricket following the game.